Taxes levied on production processes (e.g. VAT), are today a very important source of government revenues in developed economies. Theories of optimal taxation conclude that these taxes are detrimental to production efficiency, when firms operate in perfectly competitive markets. These theories...

This paper provides a systematic review of the literature that employs stochastic frontier analysis to measure the efficiency of higher education institutions. The overview opens with a look at the general development of the literature, before emphasis is laid on the methodical aspects. Focus is...

The author provides a detailed insight into productivity, efficiency and growth in the Chinese economy, and offers results on capital stock and ICT capital estimates (at both national and regional levels) which will be an important resource for readers

To enhance the contact opportunities between active species and organic pollutants, thereby increasing the total organic carbon (TOC) removal rate of organic pollutants. This study employed a self-designed underwater arc discharge (UAD) plasma reactor, which combined advanced oxidation process...