enterprises were not willing to offer a sufficient number of apprenticeship positions. Afrequently made argument is that the gap could be closed if more firms would be willingto incur net costs during the training period. This paper investigates for the first timewhether German enterprises on...

The International Financial Reporting Standards (IFRS) require a company to account forcurrent and future tax consequences, due to transactions and other events recognised inprofit or loss (IAS 12). Reported tax expense (tax income) seems to be relevant for bothcompany tax management (Bolton,...

Taxes play an important role in determining the capital structure of companies. Consequently,a multinational company would choose its capital structure according to differencesin international taxation. Unlike purely national firms, multinationals can also use intercompanyloans to shift profits...

Real options investment theory predicts current investment falls asuncertainty about market returns increases. In the case of R&D investment,which is usually considered an irreversible form of investment, this effectshould be quite pronounced. This paper tests the real options predictionabout...

In this paper we analyse the effect of R&D co-operation on firms´ innovationperformance. We investigate the effect of past co-operation on current sales ofinnovative products, distinguishing between products new to the firm and new tothe market, and on cost reductions due to innovative...

The literature suggests that public research and development (R&D) subsidies mayreduce market failures affecting private R&D investment caused by incompleteappropriability of knowledge and financial constraints due capital marketimperfections. Drawing on the theory of investment under...

Das weltweite Wirtschaftswachstum hängt zusehends vom internationalen Austausch vonWissen ab. Multinationale Unternehmen (MNUs) und ihre internationalen Niederlassungenstellen wesentliche Übertragungskanäle für diese grenzüberschreitenden Wissensflüsse dar.Interessanterweise existieren...

Residual income valuation is based on the assumption that the clean surplusrelation holds. As pointed out by Ohlson (2000), among others, the standardclean surplus relation is frequently violated. Moreover, standard residualincome valuation models rest on the implicit assumption that future...

The present paper examines the wage effects of continuous training programs usingindividual-level data from the German Socio Economic Panel (GSOEP). In order to accountfor selectivity in training participation we estimate average treatment effects (ATE and ATT)of general and firm-specific...

This study focuses on the early stages of international innovation activities, i.e. theorganizational processes through which promising ideas from around the globe are collectedand evaluated. We ask: What characteristics make foreign knowledge interesting to domesticR&D managers? We envision...