We explore the tail of patented invention value distributions by using value estimates obtained directly from patent holders. The paper focuses on those full-term German patents of the application year 1977 which were held by West German and U.S. residents. The most valuable patents in our data...

Through a survey, economic value estimates were obtained on 962 inventions made in the United States and Germany and on which German patent renewal fees were paid to full-term expiration in 1995. A search of subsequent U.S. and German patents yielded a count of citations to those patents....

Das Buch stellt die Vielzahl unterschiedlicher Managed-Care-Organisationsformen und -Instrumente vor. Dabei wird detailliert sowohl auf Organisationsformen wie HMOs, PPOs, ACOs, PBM und andere eingegangen, als auch auf im Rahmen von Managed Care entstandene Vertragsmodelle. Neben den...

The context of community-based interventions presents formidable problems for any evaluation analysis. Group-randomized studies do possess ideal properties in theory, but in practice, group-randomization might not be a feasible alternative at all or group-randomized studies might be...

The concept of "Natural Capital" has come to play a central role in current debates about biodiversity and nature conservation. It implies an approach to the natural world based on the valuation of places and species in terms of money. This is, in a variety of ways, both attractive and...