"This book will focus on analysis of the role the New Christians and Jews played in the formation of the colonial …

Jews were central to the transatlantic gem trade and its growth into a global industry.During the late nineteenth century … Town to London, from Amsterdam to New York City-carbon gems were primarily mined, processed,appraised, and sold by Jews … retailers, and western consumers. Centuries of restrictions had limited Jews to trade and finance, businesses that often heavily …