Tax systems influence the decisions of private agents. Because of that their evolution and the principles that govern them determine to some extent economic development. Modern tax systems existing in the developed countries follow broadly the principles enunciated by the German economist Fritz...

Building on the threefold classification to strategic design, internal scanning and strategic governance (Johanson 2009) in public agencies, this paper elaborates further the strategic governance perspective. The pivotal concept is the social network. First, the classification of types of...

Early in the 18th century, before the birth of political economy as a discipline, two of the earliest novels in the English language were published: Robinson Crusoe (1719) by writer and economic entrepreneur Daniel Defoe, and Gulliver's Travels (1726) by the cleric and political adviser Jonathan...

The disabilities market consists of about 54 million people and will probably double in size within 15 years; it has an aggregate income of over $1 trillion dollars. Many firms treat this market as they would a charity case, or worse, totally ignore it, when it is in reality a very significant...

The Bible is concerned with the plight of disadvantaged members of society. Many of its precepts deal with various categories of downtrodden individuals: the impoverished, the widow, the orphan, and the stranger. This paper examines the meaning and implications of these precepts and pays...

We conceive of political economy, historical and contemporary, as reflecting sometimes competing and other times complementary assessments of the appropriate role of the state in economic life grounded in alternative approaches to the paradox of government. We call these differing approaches and...

Coinage developed in different ways in eastern and western Eurasia. In ancient China, early bronze ‘tool money' came to be replaced by round bronze coins that were supplemented by uncoined gold and silver bullion; whereas in the Greco-Roman world, precious-metal coins dominated from the start,...

One of the great ironies of the financial meltdown of 2008 – which was really more of a values meltdown – is that very few U.S. laws were actually broken. This paper investigates the financial crisis from a different legal perspective – that of Jewish law, using six framing principles:...

At the end of the 17th century capitalism had become the new social and economic order in northern Western Europe. Ever since the trading channels through which money and commodities change hands between the different agents, the actual sequence of these all-comprising monetary exchange...

In this work we deal with the theory of price determination in Steuart's writings; in particular with the concept of Double competition. The background is the evolution of the concept of market during the 18th century. Steuart proposed a theoretical construction in order to tackle the problem of...