All the world’s cocoa is grown in developing countries — more than half in West Africa — essentially for export. Except in Brazil, Malaysia and Indonesia, it is grown by smallholders. In the international cocoa market, prices rose steeply in 1977 but have been in almost constant decline...

This paper examines the relationship between household structures, the institutions that shape them and physical and human capital accumulation using household and individual data from China, Indonesia, Côte d’Ivoire and Ghana. Household structures differ greatly across countries and are very...

This study examines the role of public investment in determining the pattern of agricultural development in Pakistan. The focus is on investment in irrigation, which is seen to be the key to providing food self-sufficiency and allowing Pakistan to sustain a flows of net agricultural exports....

E-commerce policy priorities evolve with a country’s transition through phases of “e-commerce readiness”. For most developing countries, getting the basic telecommunications infrastructure, competitive environment, and regulatory framework in place to support widespread and affordable...

Between 1955 and 1985 world maize production almost doubled. With little new land available, future growth in world production must come from higher yields and, hence, from new technologies. This paper describes some of the emerging maize biotechnologies, outlines progress made in R & D and...

A la fin des années 80, un projet de reboisement est mené dans quelques communautés à Madagascar avec le soutien financier de la Suisse. Ce projet connaît un succès sur le plan technique et son efficacité est reconnue, mais il se heurte à deux problèmes essentiels : comment réussir la...

This paper investigates the consequences of Basel II for international capital flows to emerging markets. The paper shows that the magnitude of effects critically depends on a number of assumptions, including: the mapping of risk weights to ratings, assumptions about required return on capital,...

Ce document technique présente les résultats d'une recherche menée en vue de définir et d'expliquer le partage du fardeau de la crise de la dette entre les différents créanciers. L'interaction entre les créanciers, qui se manifeste en premier lieu dans ce partage du fardeau, est un...

Cet examen présente une nouvelle approche en ce qui concerne le concept de la famille dans les pays en voie de développement. Cette nouvelle approche prend notamment en compte de nombreuses contraintes familiales auxquelles les membres d’un ménage sont soumis. Cela permet de mieux analyser...

This report evaluates the evidence on how migration may promote or hinder development in countries of origin, and explores possible win-win solutions for both sending and receiving countries. The analysis of recent OECD data of foreign-born nationals into Europe documents the presence of...