The 2011 Human Development Report argues that the urgent global challenges of sustainability and equity must be addressed together – and identifies policies on the national and global level that could spur mutually reinforcing progress towards these interlinked goals. Bold action is needed on...

This paper puts forward a new optical visualization of Supply and Demand curves from a Multi-Dimensional (MD) view. The idea behind showing Supply and Demand curves from the MD view is to propose the application of MD graphs among academics, economists and policy makers in the study of micro-...

This paper explores the impact of excessive borrowing on economic stability, arguing that while debt can provide short-term benefits, it can lead to long-term financial distress and even economic collapse. The paper examines the benefits of debt, such as providing access to capital and managing...

A revised model of the preference function is presented incorporating utility maximizing acts of material self-sacrifice. This model incorporates neoclassical and behavioral arguments, allowing for the stylized fact that economic agents are motivated by both material and non-material incentives....

This paper studies a balance whose unobservable fulcrum is not necessarily located at the middle of its two pans. It presents three different models, showing how this lack of symmetry modifies the observation, the formalism and the interpretation of such a biased measuring device. It argues that...

Using two theoretical categories of the work of Robert Nozick: (a) protection agencies and (b) minimal state, to illustrate by analogy with the CMSP, the dilemmas arising from the use of private military in regions with civil wars and conflicts irregular. We see that the relations preserved PBMC...

The new century opened with an unprecedented declaration of solidarity and determination to rid the world of poverty. In 2000 the UN Millennium Declaration, adopted at the largest-ever gathering of heads of state, committed countries — rich and poor — to doing all they can to eradicate...

Accommodating people’s growing demands for their inclusion in society, for respect of their ethnicity, religion, and language, takes more than democracy and equitable growth. Also needed are multicultural policies that recognize differences, champion diversity and promote cultural freedoms, so...