With the advent of the almost ideal demand system (AIDS) of Deaton and Muellbauer, the estimation of consumer demand functions revolves around specifications that use flexible functional forms of the indirect utility function. This dual approach has put on the backburner the traditional primal...

This paper presents a theory of technical progress that interprets the price-induced conjecture of Hicks. It provides also an exhaustive set of comparative statics conditions that constitute the scaffolding for an empirical test of the theory. A crucial assumption is that entrepreneurs make...

It is well known that consistent estimators of errors-in-variables models require knowledge of the ratio of error variances. What is not well known is that a Joint Least Squares estimator is robust to a wide misspecification of that ratio. Through a series of Monte Carlo experiments we show that...

This paper derives the dual specification of the least-squares method. It turns out that the error terms in the primal version of a linear statistical model assume the role of dual variables in the dual specification. This is a case of self-duality. The interpretation of the dual model...

A test of the adding up condition in demand systems is crucial for determining whether a share format is admissible when the number of sample goods is smaller than the number of commodity choices available to consumers. This test requires the estimation of a demand system in a quantity format....