has been delivered in the past five years. If anything, aid volatility has worsened somewhat and the information value of … long-term lending commitments has declined. We take these results to mean that the main causes of the volatility and …

fundamental break with the region''s history of boom-bust cycles. The paper traces how this history of macroeconomic volatility …

frequency volatility—i.e., the component of volatility that persists for longer than one harvest year—may be more challenging as … uncertainty regarding its persistence is likely to be higher. This paper measures the low frequency volatility of food commodity … spot prices using the spline- GARCH approach. It finds that low frequency volatility is positively correlated across …

Even prior to the extreme volatility just observed, output growth volatility-following protracted decline … country to transmit rapidly to other countries, creating the potential for heightened global volatility. The higher …

pricing securities, and the relationship between returns and conditional volatility. GARCH(p,q)-M models estimated for the … returns to exhibit volatility clustering; and a significant positive link between risk and returns, which was significantly …

1957-98 were associated with periods of lower real commodity price volatility. These stabilizing effects are statistically … Euro on January 1, 1999, should be expected to contribute to reduced volatility of world commodity prices, other things …

the global currency market. However, exchange rate volatility patterns differ: Lower volatility is observed for the koruna … reflected in the behavior of their implied volatility …