result was partly to be expected, and therefore the effect of immigrants on native employment is analyzed here. Two aspects … employment into unemployment; ii) job-search effectiveness measured by the probability of moving from unemployment into … employment within one year. The quarterly Labour Force Survey data (ISTAT) from 1993 to 1997 was used. The transition …

impact on performance (employment growth and international competitiveness) of cluster depth, the stage of development of … support for Porter-type views on cluster policy. Although established clusters are linked to employment growth, deep clusters … are not associated with employment growth or international competitiveness, and clusters in the services, and media …