contrast to the unitary model, the collective model posits that individuals within households have different preferences and do … not pool their income. Moreover, the collective model predicts that intrahousehold allocations reflect differences in …

migrating peasants, and, consequently, has a positive effect on narrowing the rural-urban income or consumption gap. Urban labor …

asymmetries in transnational households, where physical distance between family members can make information barriers especially …

main household income diversification and risk coping strategies. IV estimates show, somewhat surprisingly, that mother …'s migration has a positive effect on early cognitive development. We attribute these findings to changes in income and to the …

migrating peasants, and, consequently, has a positive effect on narrowing the rural-urban income or consumption gap. Urban labor …

among individual households and to calculate the life-cycle cost of appliances taking into account those differences. Using … new standards. In some cases, sufficient data exist to distinguish among demographic subgroups (for example, low income or … elderly households) who are impacted differently from the general population. Rank order correlations between the sampled …

urban Chinese households owned an air conditioner; by 2003 this numberrose to 62 percent. The evidence suggests a similar … ownershipand use model based on household income, climate and demographicparameters. The second combines ownership forecasts and …

household income. Based on our analysis, we conclude that the demand for home appliances is price inelastic. …

and employment. The previous paper described an economy in which households choose whether to enter the labor and product … simulation and continually revises its target level of savings according to a life-cycle hypothesis. Households can seek … employment, earn income, purchase goods, and contribute to savings until they reach the mandatory retirement age; upon retirement …

This paper investigates how critical-peak pricing (CPP)affects households with different usage and income levels, with … historical usage and income levels. Findings show thathigh-use customers respond significantly more in kW reduction than dolow …-usecustomers results that challenge the strategy of targeting only high-usecustomers for CPP tariffs. Across income levels, average load …