analysis to determine these actors’ positions in the “cultural theory” and, more widely, the sociology of risk. The risk … be separated from the risk perception in these countries. However, an eye needs to be kept on the geopolitics and … securities risk factors that can influence the global economy’s evolution. …

We address the question to what extent a central bank can de-risk its balance sheet by unconventional monetary policy … operations. To this end, we propose a novel risk measurement framework to empirically study the time-variation in central bank … generated beneficial risk spill-overs across monetary policy operations, causing overall risk to be nonlinear in exposures. Some …