Retail gasoline lessee-dealers have lobbied for the right to purchase their gasoline supplies from sources other than the lessor-refiners with whom they have contracted. This article examines a unique data set of gasoline prices in Los Angeles, along with corresponding market- and station-level...

We empirically test implications from location theory using the location of Los Angeles-area gasoline stations in physical space and in the space of product attributes. We consider the effect of demand patterns, entry costs, and several proxies for competition on the tendency for a gasoline...