The mutualist movement of the industrial era took root in the Iberian Peninsula and Europe, but also in Latin America, from midway through the XIX century. The Spanish Associations Act of 1887 treated the benefit and mutual, or friendly societies as one more method of association. The first...

Strange Times. There were back-to-back harvest failures in 1799-1800, coming fast on the heels of the insurrections of 1798. The result was massive and sustained inflation in food prices. The conundrum is why there was so little excess mortality. Our approach is to begin by discussing the...

Greek Abstract: Όπως ο ιστορικός χρόνος εμφανίζεται με πολλαπλές ταχύτητες στα διάφορα πεδία, έτσι και ο ιστορικός τόπος αποκτά διαφορετική σημασία στην εναλλαγή των...

The fact that the ending of World War I entailed the dissolution of the central government of the Austro-Hungarian Empire meant that in 1919 and 1920, as the victors convened a Peace Conference, the peoples across all of “mid-Europe” embarked on the creation of new governments within new...

Strange Times. There were back-to-back harvest failures in 1799-1800, coming fast on the heels of the insurrections of 1798. The result was massive and sustained inflation in food prices. The conundrum is why there was so little excess mortality. Our approach is to begin by discussing the...

The report summarizes the agenda, scientific contents, results, contribution to the future direction of the field, and outcomes of the Exploratory research workshop held in Rome and Sabaudia (Italy) on Octobre 7-10th 2013.Le rapport synthétise le déroulement, les contenus scientifiques, les...

We use a set of landscape metrics to study the long-term environmental transformation of a typical coastal Mediterranean area from 1850 to 2005. Our figures show a dramatic environmental deterioration between 1950 and 2005. The main proximate drivers of this landscape degradation are the effects...