Under rather general conditions Black - Scholes implied volatilities from at-the-money options appropriately quantify, in each period, the market expectations of the average volatility of the return of the underlying asset until contract expiration. The efficiency of these expectation estimates...

Banks use internal models to optimize risk weights and better account for the specific risk of each asset class. As the choice of a set of risk weights directly amounts to affecting the regulatory capital ratio, economic theory suggests that banks should optimize their risk weights also with...

The futures contracts on long term bonds issued by the Italian Treasury and the futures contracts on Eurolira deposits traded in the LIFFE have reacted in a specular way to the exchange rate crisis of September 1992. The pricing of the Italian Government Bonds (BTP) futures becomes more volatile...