There is a common perception among consumers that the retail prices respond faster to an increase in the price of raw material than to a decrease. This paper aims at testing the existence of such asymmetric price transmission in the cocoa-chocolate chain on the French market. Two types of...

Alternative approaches to estimating the effects of non-tariff measures (NTMs) on trade flows are discussed and evaluated critically. Recent econometric studies point to three results: (i) NTM restrictiveness measures based on an aggregate of ‘core’ NTMs are more restrictive than existing...

Previous research on electoral participation has paid little attention to turnout in developing countries. Even more understudied is the effect of mass media, as the main source of political information, on voter turnout in new democracies. This paper argues that voter turnout patterns in...

This paper examines the link between health indicators, environmental variables and income inequalities. Theoretically, all the mechanisms developed in the literature underline a negative impact of income inequality on health status. However, empirical studies find different results and the...

L’Ukraine et la Biélorussie ont été touchées par la crise financière internationale depuis l’automne 2008. Ces deux économies en transition sont relativement proches en termes de structure productive, mais l’Ukraine est plus ouverte financièrement. Une première analyse suggère...

Improving access to capital through credit and public spendings is an important step toward development and poverty alleviation. At the same time, deforestation-related activities, like agricultural expansion, can be seen as relying on natural capital, through the depletion of forest resources...

In a framework, where child labor results from a risky choice between working and schooling, we study the reason why public education expenditures may fail to reduce child labor. We determine an optimal composition of social expenditures between education and health which minimizes child labor...

This paper uses a price leadership model of the international vanilla market to study the welfare consequences of alternative pricing policies for Madagascar, the leader in the vanilla market, that also controls domestic production through a single-channel marketing system. Econometric estimates...

Tariffs are a more transparent form of protection and frequently have a revenueraising function as well. But tariffs on finished products are usually higher than on intermediates and raw materials, and exemptions are common, causing effective protection to vary greatly across industries. One of...

This paper focuses on the sources and consequences of the instability of tax revenue in Sub-Saharan African countries. We take advantage of a unique and extraordinarily rich dataset on the composition of tax revenues for a large number of countries. Using panel data for 39 countries observed...