on currency invoicing of Belgian firms, we study how the currency of invoicing interacts with firm characteristics in … shaping the extent of exchange rate pass-through at different time horizons. The US dollar and the Euro are the dominant … currencies in both Belgium's exports and imports, with substantial variation in currency choice across firms and products even …

now, it was not clear how many of these German-issued euro banknotes are actually used for payment purposes. Owing to the … that are held for transaction purposes both in Germany and outside the euro area. The estimation of the volume of €20 … shipments by the Deutsche Bundesbank - held for transaction purposes outside the euro area was estimated at just over €3 billion …

On the basis of a brief reconstruction of the causes and impacts of the Euro crisis, this paper explores …, counterfactually and hypothetically, whether the new Euro regime, insisting on fiscal austerity and supply-side reforms, could have …

. The progressive relation between the two major currencies, i.e. the U.S. dollar and the Euro, is to be considered as a …