This paper analyses the historical role of public research organisations for industrial growth and innovation in Norway – and the changes in this role over time. Public research organisations include research institutes and higher education institutions, and we go back in time to the 19th...

Research on biotechnology related firms has long been associated with the agglomeration of “dedicated biotechnology firms” and partners such as large corporations, research institutes and venture capital firms. At the same time it is acknowledged that such agglomeration trends may be most...

The article concludes that although the Norwegian IT industry has been lacking in export success the last 30 years, it has been important for the development of the Norwegian economy. Several IT companies have been on the verge of international breakthroughs, but have been stopped by rising...

R&D has played a central role in Norwegian public industrial policy for only a relatively short period. Before 1963, there was little interest in linking technological research policy to a wider national industrial strategy. During the mid 1960s, attempts were made to link public research more...

This paper focuses on the structural changes in OECD trade between 1961 and 1983. It is shown that trade in R&D- intensive products, based on relatively recent innovations, grew much faster than trade in other products. This caused the structure of OECD trade to change in a way most favorable...

Why do some countries, such as, for instance, Japan and some other Asian economies in the second half of the twentieth century, grow much faster, and have much better trade performance, than most other countries? Is superior trade performance, what is often termed “competitiveness”, a...

The aim of this paper is to demonstrate how research on geography of innovation can benefit from multilevel modeling. Using micro data from the third Community Innovation Survey in the Czech Republic, we quantitatively assess the hypothesis that regional framework conditions determine innovative...

Innovation is a multilevel phenomenon. Not only characteristics of firms but also the environment within which firms operate matter. Although this has been recognized in the literature for a long time, a quantitative test that explicitly considers the hypothesis that framework conditions affect...