exposures to industry-level stocks of robots are derived from their initial industry-employment composition. Foreign automation … unskilled industry workers and increase the ratio of skilled workers. Also, the wage gap between the two groups widens as a …

skilled workers or just increasing the overall average wages. On the supply side, FDI can enrich the skilled labour force of … effects of FDI, but finds positive demand side effect of FDI of raising wage inequality and average wages. The results remain … robust while taking into account heterogeneities at region, industry, size, and age of the firms. …

This paper studies the impact of import competition from China on informality and wages in the Peruvian manufacturing … surge in imports from China on the likelihood of being hired in the informal sector and on wages in both the formal and … among workers with only elementary educationarguably one of the less-skilled groups. Regarding the impact on real wages, we …