caught in it. The CUI shows that China became a middle-income country in 2007-2008. We see five major types of middle …-income trap that China is vulnerable to (a) fiscal stress from the nonperforming loans generated by the interaction between the … governance principles and management methods to prevent China from falling into these five types of middle-income trap …

between traditional measurements of banking development and economic growth in China. Among many efforts to explain the low …While China has seen rapid economic growth over the last three decades, many studies document a negative correlation … efficiency of Chinese banking sector, two arguments focus on the dominance of the four big state-owned banks but they emphasize …

condition of accession to the World Trade Organization (WTO) requires that banking in China will open to foreign competition by … reform in China …

Ever since the late 1990s, China has experienced explosive growth in consumer lending, especially in short … technology. On the other hand, China does not have a universal credit scoring and registration system that can guide lenders … registration and scoring system utilizing online digital footprints, so that more people in China can have better access to the …

trend of bank efficiency after China's entry to WTO in 2001. The improvement of bank efficiency is most prominent for the …

, with the initiation of the 'Strategic Emerging Industries' program. China's state-dominated banking system is seen as … corporate sector and GDP growth in China, (2) this relationship is non-linear in terms of Chinese regions and credit …

Financial Crisis, and China increased the growth rate of base money slightly. The resulting credit growth was very slight in US … and UK but over 100% in China. The US and UK money multipliers collapsed because the required capital adequacy ratio (CAR … it; and equals the reciprocal of the required reserve ratio when CAR is not binding. To improve China's economic …

Just when China’s leaders receive conflicting signals of “overheating” and “below-potential growth”, they encounter … challenges have their roots in China’s inadequate marketization and continued discrimination against the domestic private sector … themselves into nonperforming loans. In partially-reformed China, public-directed investments via the state enterprises tend to …