performance - in particular, tournament incentives - induce more stress than schemes that are independent of performance - fixed … self-reported feelings of stress and primary appraisals. We find that tournament incentives induce a stress response … incentives schemes is not a relevant criterion for sorting decisions in our experiment. Finally, we find that cortisol levels are …

Standard economics models require that financial incentives improve performance, while leading theories in psychology …

Tournaments are often used to improve performance in innovation contexts. Tournaments provide monetary incentives but … salience of team identity, social image concerns, and whether teams face monetary incentives. Increased salience of team … identity does not improve performance. Social image motivates the top performers. Additional monetary incentives improve all …

We study, theoretically and empirically, the effects of incentives on the self-selection and coordination of motivated …). Agents differ in their motivation to exert social effort. Our model predicts that lowering incentives for selfish effort in … prediction in a lab experiment allowing us to cleanly separate the selection effect from other effects of low incentives. Results …

incentives according to each task's marginal productivity. By contrast, with a relatively large wage floor, the principal … gradually lowers effort incentives to avoid rent payments to the agents, even before the wage floor exceeds the agents …

incentives according to each task's marginal productivity. By contrast, with a relatively large wage floor, the principal … gradually lowers effort incentives to avoid rent payments to the agents, even before the wage floor exceeds the agents …

incentives for effort delay, but also decreases the probability that the project will be terminated in due time. In this trade …