This chapter discusses common methodological, theoretical and empirical choices that scholars face when undertaking productive and economic efficiency analyses. After summarizing the main results of duality theory in Section 2, we outline in Section 3 the most popular empirical methods available...

In December 2013 a new electricity law was approved in Spain as part of an electricity market reform including a new remuneration scheme for distribution companies. This remuneration scheme was updated in December 2019 and the new regulatory framework introduced a series of relevant...