Over-the-counter (OTC) traders cannot pursue the two fundamental objectives of portfolio management, the identification of portfolio market risk and return and its diversification. The result of this major market shortcoming is a complex, systemically risky market disequilibrium. The tradable...

This note presents an easily implemented, inexpensive, private sector innovation, a futures-friendly derivative (FFD) intended to compete with the unnecessarily credit-risky, dealer-traded, over-the-counter (OTC) derivatives, and their clumsy, expensive, government-mandated clearing...

This paper uses deep learning to value derivatives. The approach is broadly applicable, and we use a call option on a basket of stocks as an example. We show that the deep learning model is accurate and very fast, capable of producing valuations a million times faster than traditional models. We...

Banks must manage their trading books, not just value them. Pricing includes valuation adjustments collectively known as XVA (at least credit, funding, capital and tax), so management must also include XVA. In trading book management we focus on pricing, hedging, and allocation of prices or...

The objective of this paper is to analyze the procedures used by multinational enterprises to distribute the income generated by its foreign subsidiaries, and how they allocate the taxes paid on this income through the fiscal jurisdiction in which they operate, from the institution based view....

In this paper, we describe the development and current status of anti-manipulation rules as they apply to wholesale electricity and natural gas markets in the United States and the European Union, including the institutions that are responsible for overseeing these rules. We then compare and...

We develop a zero beta industry model of growth options to explain the conflicting empirical findings on the relation between stock returns and idiosyncratic return volatility at the firm level. By allowing for the volatility of the underlying idiosyncratic choice variables to exhibit...

This paper studies the imposition of position limits on commodity futures from the perspective of curbing excessive speculation and thus manipulation. We present a simple General Equilibrium model in a static Rational Expectations framework and agent heterogeneity to illustrate that excessive...

Potential Future Exposure (PFE) is a standard risk metric for managing business unit counterparty credit risk but there is debate on how it should be calculated. The debate has been whether to use one of many historical ("physical") measures (one per calibration setup), or one of many...

We develop two neo-classical methods for function approximations, the generalized stochastic sampling (gSS) and the functional tensor train (fTT) methods, that are high-performing alternatives to generic deep neural networks (DNNs) currently routinely proposed for function approximations in...