bank's choice of collateral standards in its lending facilities. Optimism on the side of banks, entailing a higher … collateral value of bank loans, can lead to excessive lending and bank default. Pessimism, though, can entail insufficient … lending and productivity losses. With an appropriate haircut on collateral, the central bank can perfectly neutralize the …

, the availability of high quality collateral suitable for encumbrance, capital and sovereign funding conditions. Third, we …

We offer a new test of the ex ante theory of collateral. Theory states that lenders rely less on collateral if they … have better information about borrowers. We test this by contrasting the use of collateral between formal and – better … informed – informal lenders in a developing financial market. Indeed, formal lenders rely about 40% more often on collateral …

We establish that a monopoly bank never uses collateral as a screening device. A pooling equilibrium always exists in … which all borrowers pay the same interest rate and put zero collateral. Absence of screening leads to socially inefficient …

start-ups caused by lacking collateral or equity and high information asymmetry. The present study quantifies the economic …

We examine the role of collateral in a dynamic model of optimal credit contracts in which a borrower values both … the role collateral as a deterrent to manipulation. Some assets, those that generate consumable services will necessarily …

-mentioned key services, especially when programmes are larger and/or are retained by the issuer for use as collateral with the … for networks based on the use of securities as Eurosystem collateral. These findings help demonstrate the importance of …