This paper examines the impact of the recent recession in Belarus on poverty and broader measures of household welfare … vulnerability to poverty, based on an estimated probability of falling below the national poverty threshold not exceeding 10 percent … of 2014-16 was qualitatively different from earlier recent crisis episodes (2008-09 and 2010-11) in that it affected low-income …

average share of household income from welfare transfers), low-income targeting, and universalism - and poverty and … to transfer share or universalism; and low-income targeting is neither positively associated with poverty nor negatively … dimension (transfer share) that most reduces poverty tends to increase with the one dimension (low-income targeting) that …

. The paper underscores the principles of the poverty focus of social assistance and presents an overview of existence … evidence of first- and second-order effects of social assistance, particularly in the domains of poverty, education, health and … labour markets. Moreover, the paper highlights the knowledge gaps with regard to the longer-term and gender-specific welfare …

poverty are overestimates. The paper points to a number of reasons to question this claim. It is shown that, while the labor … supplies of American adults have a positive income gradient, the heterogeneity in labor supplies generates considerable … the measurement assumptions. With only a modest allowance for leisure as a basic need, the effort-adjusted poverty rate in …