Human mortality has been improving faster than expected over the past few decades. This unprecedented improvement has caused significant financial stress to pension plan sponsors and annuity providers. The widely recognized Lee-Carter model often assumes linearity in its period effect as an...

Background Inflation is the industrious and non-stop ascent in the overall prices of any given commodity in an economy. During the global food crisis, Ethiopia experienced an unprecedented increase in inflation ranked the highest in Africa. It is among the most macroeconomic variable described...

A novel spatial autoregressive model for panel data is introduced, which incorporates multilayer networks and accounts for time-varying relationships. Moreover, the proposed approach allows the structural variance to evolve smoothly over time and enables the analysis of shock propagation in...