This paper investigates the effects of exclusive territories in the presence of upstream competition. We consider the vertical dealings among two upstream firms and four downstream firms and find that exclusive territories may be more beneficial for consumers and more harmful for producers than...

This paper introduces the economic theory of gquasi-exclusive territory.h We consider vertical dealings with two upstream firms and four downstream firms that compete in two separate markets. Under quasi- exclusive territory, downstream firms are bound to pay additional charges when selling...

Under a directive of the Japan Fair Trade Commission newspapers in Japan are required to set retail prices that do not vary from place to place. The newspapers may set their own prices freely but the price of any particular edition of a newspaper must not vary from place to place within Japan -...