The fiscal and financial reforms carried out in Mexico in 2000 have encouraged a widespread presence of rating agencies and have allowed several States and unicipalities to raise funds through bond offerings in the capital market. Any local government in Mexico intending to access credit and...

The fiscal and financial reforms carried out in Mexico in 2000 have encouraged a widespread presence of rating agencies and have allowed several States and Municipalities to raise funds through bond offerings in the capital market. Any local government in Mexico intending to access credit and...

The vulnerability and financial pressure of financial systems is a critical subject in light of the economic crisis we are currently facing. This paper defines financial pressure of local governments as the extreme situation characterized by financial imbalances, increasing current expenditure,...