This paper proposes a framework for analyzing international-income taxation. The standard approach, involving the user cost of capital, is extended to incorporate the role of tax policy implemented by the home country. Tax provisions of home countries vary significantly. Of particular relevance...

In World Trade Organization (WTO) accession negotiations, telecommunications is always a sector that receives close scrutiny by the WTO Working Party, and the extent of market access and nondiscriminatory treatment of multinational telecommunications companies in Russia has been a significant...

The authors examine to what extent features of the international tax system and indicators of transaction costs affect the required rates of return on emerging stock markets. They show that the capital gains withholding tax levied on foreign portfolio investors increases required pre-tax rates...

The objective of this paper is to examine the effect of tax incentives on investment in physical capital and in research and development, and indirectly on output and the demand for labor and materials. For this purpose the authors calculate the effect of tax incentives on the rental prices of...

The authors developed a simple two-period general equilibrium model to analyze the macroeconomic impact of tax policies in Pakistan. They analyze two scenarios. In scenario 1, the investment tax credit rate is increased from 15 percent to 30 percent. The new fiscal regime increases investment...

The author analyzes (both theoretically and empirically) the international distortions and fiscal interdependence that arise because of different tax rates among a region's countries. The author also studies what happens when the countries try to harmonize taxes, focusing on how the...

Inflation causes conventionally reported income to differ from real economic income because standard accounting procedures are based on the assumption of price stability. Because of this mismeasurement of economic income, a tax on reported income may distort economic decisions and generate...

Since 1989, private capital flows to a select group of developing countries have increased sharply, but developments in 1994 have caused concern about the sustainability of those flows. Several highly indebted developing countries that are implementing reform are concerned that a generalized...

Drawing on original surveys of agricultural traders, the authors examine how traders operate in two Sub-Saharan African countries, Benin and Malawi. They find the following: The largest transaction costs for traders are search and transport. Search methods rely principally on personal visits by...

The relationships among competition in the financial sector, access of firms to external financing, and associated economic growth are ambiguous in theory. Moreover, measuring competition in the financial sector can be complex. In this paper the authors first estimate for 16 countries a measure...