This paper models a dynamic bargaining game between a highly indebted country and its commercial bank consortium, to analyze the determinants of the resulting re-scheduling agreements and the net transfer of resources over time. The bargaining game is based on the simple paradigm that if no...

A large gap may lie between the amount of debt relief that is nominally granted to a debtor and that which is actually given up by the creditors. To help put that gap in perspective, the author proposes a valuation formula that provides: (i) the price at which a buy-back of the debt, on the...

This paper presents a pricing model for secondary market debt designed to assess the market value of various forms of guarantees and the impact of debt reduction on the value of remaining claims. The model is more flexible and realistic than other models. The technique used, option pricing,...

The idea of debt conversion is that instead of continuing to make payments on outstanding loans in hard currency in the face of debt servicing difficulties, the debtors find some other way to settle debts that is satisfactory to themselves and the creditor. The author discusses the importance of...

The price of debt on the secondary market reflects the risk that the debtor country might default on its external debt. Using the option-pricing theory, the authors identify the factors that influenced the risk of default in six highly indebted countries (Argentina, Brazil, Chile, Mexico,...

Before 1988,"orthodox"policies (fiscal discipline and tight money) failed to bring inflation down and induce a sustained economic recovery. The Mexican stabilization plan announced in December 1987 (the Pact) shows that the right combination of orthodox and"heterodox"policies (for example,...

This report compares and identifies two ways that Governments can"up-front"the adjustment effort: accumulating reserves; and engaging in an equity swap. The authors compare these methods with a constant rescheduling agreement which assumes that no reserves can be accumulated and that tax...

Debt for nature swaps involve the exchange of a debtor country's external obligation for that country's agreement to use local currency instruments to support a specific environmental project, such as development of conservation management plans, training of park personnel, or environmental...

The negotiation of sovereign debt repayments and of new loans after default may yield inefficient outcomes that justify intervention by creditor country governments and international financial institutions. The author analyzes possible distortions arising in renegotiations between private...

The market prices of developing countries'debts are imperfect indicators of the countries'payment capacity for three reasons: the concave shape of the debt's payoff structure, the presence of third-party guarantees, and the differences in the terms of various debt claims. Claessens and Pennacchi...