Karras, Georgios - In: Journal of Economic Integration 21 (2006), pp. 254-272
The effects of trade openness on macroeconomic volatility are theoretically ambiguous, so the issue must be resolved … their effects are jointly estimated, both economic size and trade openness have a sizable, negative, and generally … statistically significant effect on the variability of output, consumption, investment, and the exchange rate. It is also found that …