Recent research has highlighted the role that the government budget constraint plays in determining the consumer price level. According to the fiscal approach to price determination, prices adjust so that the discounted value of future real government primary surpluses equals the current real...

Pension systems in different countries vary widely in such aspects as the dependence of benefits on earlier labour income, the minimum permitted retirement age and limits on labour supply after retirement. This paper uses a simulation model of a rational, utility-maximising household facing the...

The economic effects of an ageing population are preoccupying policy-makers in most industrial countries. In this paper, we study the economic impact of the demographic shock in Finland, a country for which the post-war fertility shock was particularly large. The framework for our analysis is an...