We consider a multivariate continuous time process, generated by a system of linear stochastic differential equations, driven by white noise and involving coefficients that possibly vary over time. The process is observable only at discrete, but not necessarily equally-spaced, time points...

It is well known that for continuous time models with a linear drift standard estimation methods yield biased estimators for the mean reversion parameter both in finite discrete samples and in large in-fill samples. In this paper, we obtain two expressions to approximate the bias of the least...

This paper overviews maximum likelihood and Gaussian methods of estimating continuous time models used in finance. Since the exact likelihood can be constructed only in special cases, much attention has been devoted to the development of methods designed to approximate the likelihood. These...

It is well known that for continuous time models with a linear drift standard estimation methods yield biased estimators for the mean reversion parameter both in finite discrete samples and in large in-fill samples. In this paper, we obtain two expressions to approximate the bias of the least...

It is well known that for continuous time models with a linear drift standard estimation methods yield biased estimators for the mean reversion parameter both in finite discrete samples and in large in-fill samples. In this paper, we derive two expressions to approximate the bias of the least...

This paper overviews maximum likelihood and Gaussian methods of estimating continuous time models used in finance. Since the exact likelihood can be constructed only in special cases, much attention has been devoted to the development of methods designed to approximate the likelihood. These...

It is well known that for continuous time models with a linear drift standard estimation methods yield biased estimators for the mean reversion parameter both in Onite dis- crete samples and in large in-Oll samples. In this paper, we obtain two expressions to approximate the bias of the least...

When a continuous time model is sampled only at equally spaced intervals, a priori restrictions on the parameters can provide natural identifying restrictions which serve to rule out otherwise observationally equivalent parameter values. Specifically, we consider identification of the parameter...

This paper describes a moments estimator for a standard state-space model with coefficients generated by a random walk. The method calculates the conditional expectations of the coefficients, given the observations. A penalized least squares estimation is linked to the GLS (Aitken) estimates of...

Despite the single currency, yields on government bonds in the Euro Area deviate from German bond yields. These bond spreads are usually attributed to differing default and liquidity risks. Recent research points out that time-varying global factors, approximated by risk measures or short term...