The goal of this paper is to characterize a measure of diversity among individuals, which we call generalized fractionalization index, that uses information on similarities among individuals. We show that the generalized index is a natural extension of the widely used ethno-linguistic...

We examine the measurement of individual poverty in an intertemporal context. In contrast to earlier contributions, we assign importance to the persistence in a state of poverty and we characterize a class of individual intertemporal poverty measures reflecting this feature. In addition, we...