In einer modernen wissensintensiven Wirtschaft ist Humankapital der Schlüssel zur Sicherung des Arbeitskräfteangebots und des Produktivitätszuwachses. Humankapital wird nicht nur in Schulen, sondern auch in der Familie und in Betrieben gebildet. Daher ist ein Gleichgewicht von Arbeit und...

We investigate intergenerational risk-sharing in two-pillar pension systems with a pay-as-you-go pillar and a funded pillar. The funded pension pillar can be either defined contribution or defined benefit. Only a defined-benefit scheme with an appropriate investment policy establishes optimal...

The most cost-effective policies for achieving CO2 abatement (e.g., carbon taxes) are considered politically unacceptable because of distributional consequences. This paper explores policies designed to address distributional concerns. Using an intertemporal, numerical general equilibrium model...

This paper employs an overlapping-generations model to explore the impact of public abatement on private investment and the intergenerational distribution of welfare. Whereas public abatement benefits the oldest generations in terms of non-environmental welfare, future generations gain most in...

Using Danish data, we find that about three fourths of the taxes levied to finance public transfers actually finance benefits that do not redistribute between people but redistribute income over the life cycle of individual taxpayers. This provides a rationale for financing part of social...

In the modern welfare state a substantial part of an individual’s tax bill is transferred back to the same individual taxpayer in the form of social transfers. This provides a rationale for financing part of social insurance through mandatory savings accounts. We analyze the behavioral and...

Employs analytical and numerical general equilibrium models to evaluate environmentally motivated tax policies, concentrating on whether the gross costs of these policies can be eliminated when revenues from the taxes are devoted to cuts in marginal income tax rates.

Surveys how tax policy affects the level and allocation of national saving in the U.S. Argues that the effect of taxes on the overall private saving level is relatively small and uncertain and that raising public saving is the most direct and efficient way to raise national saving.