identifies unconscious bias as a source of inaccuracy in the credit ratings process. It examines prior behavioral research on … unconscious bias, and uses this research to identify structural issues within the credit ratings industry that give rise to biased … offers additional reforms aimed at combating unconscious bias. Findings – Recent government reforms will be most effective in …

A contest model is constructed to examine the existence of conference bias in college basketball's Ratings Percentage … Index (RPI). Though a general RPI bias has been identified in previous literature, this is the first study to address … whether the bias is random or systematic in nature. Within the theoretical model, the RPI is shown to be systematically biased …

of pro-incumbent bias can also be useful for maintaining high levels of control. When the equilibrium level of control is …

) estimation methods and investigates bias and root mean square error (RMSE) in discriminant function coefficients (DFCs) using … configuration, and number of repeated measurements. The results show that for ML estimation, bias in DFC estimates was usually … average bias of CT estimates for procedures that assume unstructured group means and structured covariances was at least 40 …

nondifferential misclassification assumption. To better understand the bias formulas, we use a numerical example. …