We analyze the effects of cartel policies on firm behavior using data from the German power-cable cartel. Antitrust authorities affected the cartel under two different legal regimes: penalizing the cartel in some years, and exempting it for ten years from the general cartel prohibition. While...

This paper establishes the presence of the Kuznets curve in industrializing Britain, with inequality falling from 1867-68, at the same time the electorate was doubled. It weighs the relative importance of franchise extension against other variables in explaining the start of the downward...

Workers in many countries receive part of their wages in kind. The International Labor Organization criticizes this practice by citing the quot;exploitativequot; truck system in industrializing Britain, which paid wage advances in cash and company store goods. This article finds that truck did...

Export diversification, or the breadth of exports of an economy, is increasingly seen as a means of accelerating economic growth, mitigating instability due to price, demand, and exchange rate fluctuations, and stabilizing earnings from exports in the long run. As economies integrate into global...

We estimate parametric Champernowne distribution functions for corporate assets in the United States to obtain continuous measures of aggregate concentration and corporate inequality. Our series on asset shares of the largest 200 and 500 non-financial firms show that concentration before World...

Using data drawn from the universe of firms to avoid sample censoring problems, this paper finds financial constraints to be binding on mid-sized firms and those in construction and services sectors only. Growth of the majority of firms is unaffected by financial burdens. Firm size distribution...