Agricultural policies in most countries are aimed at protecting agents involved in food production or consumption from a variety of undesirable outcomes, including: price and/or political instability, food shortages, declining agricultural income and the resulting rural-urban migration. The...

A simple two-input and one-output model is used to examine the effects of variable input price uncertainty on a quasi-fixed factor. These theoretical results, applied to a livestock firm, indicate that choice of the quasi-fixed factor depends upon the attitude of the farmer toward risk and...

In July 1989, U.S. negotiators presented a tariffication proposal at the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) meeting in Geneva. According to that proposal, all agricultural nontariff barriers (NTBs) such as quotas and variable import levies would be converted to equivalent ad valorem...

A simultaneous equation model of the soybean sector in Taiwan is developed and estimated. The model integrates domestic supply and demand for soybeans, soymeal, and soyoil, in addition to the livestock market. The impacts of economic growth and policy changes upon the soybean market are...

Issues, choices, and strategies in the transformation of collective and state farms in transition economies are explored. Analysis includes how other reforms have an impact on the transition in farming systems and farm structure. Economic forces to direct the changing structure of farming to the...

The Baltic countries of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania are undertaking rapid economic and structural reforms affecting the food and agricultural sectors. The environmental problems related to agriculture now and in the recent past are more in the area of chemical and animal waste runoff than in...

Major issues and challenges encountered in modeling and analyzing agricultural and trade policy reforms are reviewed. We focus on the modeling approach and pay special attention to the type and scope of the models, the calibration of a realistic baseline scenario, the representation of the...

Three alternatives for 1990 farm legislation are examined: (1) a continuation of current legislation; (2) small reductions in producer support levels that are phased in after a two-year delay; and (3) more significant policy reforms that include immediate support reductions for grains and...

From the implementation of the New Order government's first five-year development plan (Repelita I) in 1969 until the mid-189s, the overriding objective of Indonesian food policy was to increase rice production so as to make the country self-sufficient, at a relatively high level of consumption,...

The Baltic states of Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania have been undertaking rapid economic and structural reforms that greatly affect the food and agricultural sectors. Among the republics of the former Soviet Union, they are progressing most rapidly in the privatization of land and production...