Recent proposals to the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) have called for the conversion of all nontariff trade barriers into their equivalents and the subsequent reduction of these tariff equivalents over time. The purpose of tariffication is to provide a methodology to quantify...

This study tests the theory of rationing, examining changes in household consumption behavior during the transition to a market economy in Poland, 1987-92. Using pre-reform data from the Polish Household Budget Survey, Huffman and Johnson develop a model of consumption under rationing and derive...

Since independence in 1962, Jamaica has witnessed changes in the physical and human capital stocks, taxation policies, production technology, household structure and even the general economic system. The percentage of illiterate population declined from 16 percent in 1960 to less than 5 percent...

For transition economies, sustainable development of agriculture can be most effectively achieved by aggressive steps to increase the role of markets in resource allocation and distribution, according to this paper. Using resources efficiently and producing the foods and services most highly...

To identify the winners and the losers from the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (GATT) in agriculture, it is necessary to know which countries will be required to reduce which subsidies by what amounts. Rules that seem fair may actually impose very different future obligations on the...

A quarterly econometric model of supply response I the U.S. Hog industry is constructed. This model incorporates relevant biological features of hog production directly into the structural specification. dynamic mean path elasticities of the model are analytically derived with the results...

The literature on contests has focused primarily on the technology of the contest and perfectly divisible private rewards valued at a constant rate. This paper extends the analysis by explicitly modeling tastes in contests over pure public goods. Since the prize is embodied in a good, its value...

Under the current mixed system of planning and markets in the Chinese urban consumption sector, marginal decision rules in market economies are directly applicable. The demand functions in such mixed system involve not only market prices and income but also the state prices and quotas. Besides...

The rapid changes in China's economy and data availability have led to the need for a quantitative assessment of its food and nutrient situation. This paper first reports estimates of China's average per capita daily energy, protein, and fat availability through yearly food balance sheets for...

With passage of the Food Security Act of 1985 (FSA85), Congress and the Administration set in motion the largest set of conservation measures since the inception of federal soil conservation programs. Although the FSA85 also has sodbuster, swampbuster, cross compliance and conservation easement...