New multivariate panel cointegration methods are used to analyze nominal exchange rates and prices in the four major economic powers in Europe, France, Germany, Italy and Great Britain for the post- Bretton Woods period. We test for PPP and find that the theoretical PPP relationship does not...

Uncertainty concerning future income lowers consumption. This is often called the precautionary demand for savings. In this paper the existence of precautionary savings. In this paper the existence of precautionary saving is investigated using Swedish data for the years 1973-1992. As there are...

This paper develops an improved test of economic convergence or divergence using time series methods. The usefulness of the method is illustrated in an analysis of the growth pattern between Chinese regions in 1952–2007. Comparing all combinations of regional pairs, the analysis yields support...

In cointegration analysis, when considering a hypothesis of the kind β = (H 1 ϕ 1,..., H n ϕ n) the estimation technique is a simple switching method that requires starting values. Using additional restrictions, the solution of an eigenvector problem may be used as starting values. Using a...