Presented is a modification of the American Productivity and Quality Center (APQC) approach to the performance evaluation of hospital emergency departments. This modified approach allows individual hospitals to make better estimates of cost containment and productivity relative to an...

This article investigates airline pricing and airport congestion charges in hub-spoke networks. When a public hub airport and two public spoke (local) airports independently levy their charges, airlines will eventually set a ticket price that overcharges the passengers for congestion delay cost...

This study examines hub-carrier scheduling and hub-airport congestion pricing using a simple hub-spoke network model incorporating both schedule delays and congestion delays. We find that in the short-middle run, where aircraft size is given exogenously, hub-airport congestion tolls are not...

Capacitive deionization (CDI) is a recently developed electrosorption technology for deionization using porous electrodes. The electrode materials play an important role in the efficiency. This paper highlights the current research status of carbon-based materials as the electrode and the...

In this work, a Ti-pillared montmorillonite with high thermal stability has been prepared by using a Na-montmorillonite as the host clay and polyhydroxy-titania ions as the pillaring precursor. The formation of Ti-pillared montmorillonite has been confirmed from the characterizations through...

This paper examines the evidence for stability in the income-velocity of money by allowing for the effects of the housing and stock markets. It is shown that much of the hitherto unexplained behavior of the income velocity (the so-called "velocity puzzle") can be explained by housing...