This paper investigates the evolution of the ABC, from its reestablishment in 1979 as a state bank to the announcement of shareholding reform toward the end of 2008. The ambivalence of the government in reforming the ABC and the limitations of the reforms are studied. The concluding analysis...

The deployment of renewable energy is crucial to the achieving of global climate goals outlined in the Paris Agreement. Many countries have adopted industrial policies designed to promote the growth of new industries for manufacturing renewable energy equipment. However, such policies may...

1. Hong Kong as an international financial center -- 2. Hong Kong's financial center and China's development -- 3. International Financial Centers and offshore finance -- 4. Hong Kong as an offshore RMB business center -- 5. Development of other RMB business offshore centers -- 6. Offshore RMB...