Econometric models to estimate allocative and technical inefficiency include stochastic shadow distance frontiers, shadow cost frontiers, and shadow profit frontiers. In these models, the cost savings from eliminating both sources of inefficiency is often reported in total and then decomposed...

Both the theoretical and empirical literature on the estimation of allocative and technical inefficiency has grown enormously. To minimize aggregation bias, ideally one should estimate firm and input-specific parameters describing allocative inefficiency. However, identifying these parameters...