The article analyses patterns and country-specific determinants of agri-food trade of Bulgaria and Romania with the European Union. As literature focusing on agricultural aspects of the topic is limited, the paper seeks to contribute to the literature by providing up to date results and...

The tariff-rate quota (TRQ) system is a hybrid import regime that conveys both tariff- and quota-like characteristics. Established by the tariffication process during the Uruguay Round, TRQs harmonize the needs for improved market access and protection from import surges. This paper aims to...

The concept of multifunctional agriculture has been suspected of 'disguised' or 'veiled' protectionism by proponents of market-oriented reforms since the Uruguay Round Agreement on Agriculture(URAA). In this article, I review the history and nature of agricultural protectionism and probe the...

This paper estimates food miles effects for Korea. The data set is constructed using 4-digit Harmonized System codes for 169 products and each product’s trade flows with a total of 71 trading partners. The food miles level is estimated as 258 billion ton-km in 2010, which is equivalent to...

In the period of transformation significant changes in the structure of income sources of population in Poland have been observed. The most important ones are a fall in the share of salaries and an increased role of social transfers as a main source of incomes. These tendencies were especially...

The integration into the world trade and particularly along the chain of products with high value added, such as the vegetables chain, is considered as a promoter of growth and poverty alleviation (Aksoy and Beghin, 2005), even though this topic is subject to controversy. The paper’s...

This Viewpoint article, based on a lecture to the 2012 Oxford Farming Conference, examines the rise in economic power of the so-called ‘emerging markets’ (EM) and its implications for agricultural markets in the so-called ‘developed world’. In particular, the favourable...

The system of supply management in the Canadian dairy sector requires that farmers acquire quota to produce milk. In Canada's largest dairy producing province, Quebec, a ceiling on the price of quotas has been in effect since 2007. Previous research established that the use of quota price...