Since its formation the European Union (EU) has employed a rather complicated policy to ensure high prices to domestic sugar growers and trade preferences to certain sugar exporting countries, e.g. the African Caribbean and Pacific (ACP) group. One result of this policy is that the EU has been...

Since its formation the European Union (EU) has employed a rather complicated policy to ensure high prices to domestic sugar growers and trade preferences to certain sugar exporting countries. One result of this policy is that the EU has been both the second largest importer and second largest...

The allocation problem of sending grapefruit to packinghouses versus processing plants is considered in this paper. The authors examine on-tree grower prices reported by the USDA for fresh and processed grapefruit and report that these prices do not reflect the alternative returns necessary for...

Payment arrangements among members of a cooperative play a critical role in the performance of the cooperative. The impact of three payment systems is assessed for Florida sugarcane cooperatives through a bi-level programming model which incorporates both individual and collective behavior.