manufacturing in 2000, it turns out that patents are important to protect intellectual property in the market, whereas secrecy seems …

holders. The paper focuses on those full-term German patents of the application year 1977 which were held by West German and U ….S. residents. The most valuable patents in our data account for a large fraction of the cumulative value over all observations …

This paper tests a number of hypotheses on the use and effectiveness of patents and trade secrets designed to protect … innovation. While previous studies have often considered patents and trade secrets as substitutes for one another, we investigate …

patents; however, most patent databases contain no information on whether patents have been commercialized, i.e., whether … commercialization variables. For this purpose, I use a unique database on Swedish patents that includes information on whether patents …

firms may protect their inventions by means of intellectual property rights, such as patents. By taking out a patent … of patents on the dissemination of R&D findings is, however, insignificant. Therefore, we conclude that patent …

creation alliances lead to more valuable patents as they receive significantly more forward citations per patent. Knowledge …

possess this tacit knowledge, inventors may need to play an active role when patents are commercialized. We build on Arora … is important for the successful commercialization of patents by using a detailed patent database. The database contains … inventors and external firms are often crucial for the successful commercialization of patents. …

The purpose of this study is to present a unique database on commercialized patents and to illustrate how it can be … used to analyze the commercialization process of patents. The dataset is based on a survey of Swedish patents owned by … commercialization not found anywhere else, including whether, when and how (acquisition, licensing, existing or new firm) patents were …