This study analyzes the international financial flows of Latin America in order to verify existence and direction of the Stigma Effect. Is the AML/CFT financial regulation that addresses the money laundering and terrorism finance phenomena relevant in shaping the pattern of international banking...

This paper analyses how the central banks role in the monetary institutional setting can affect the unification process of the overall financial supervision architecture. Using indicators of monetary commitment and central bank independence, we claim that these legal proxies show an inverse link...

The aim of this article is to offer a simple framework for estimating the benefits and costs of anti-ML regulation, based on a prudent estimation of the economic value of worldwide money laundering. Using the multiplier model of the relationship between criminal markets revenues and money...

The present study provides an economic and empirical framework to examine the role of organised crime in an entrepreneurial crisis. The effect of criminal pollution on law firms depends on financial — money‐laundering and usury — as well as non‐financial crimes — extortion and unfair...

This paper presents a macroeconomic framework useful to the analysis of the relationships between the illegal sector, money laundering and the legal economy from a human as well as a financial viewpoint. Economists have not yet systematically studied the interactions between illegal sectors,...