In optoelectronics assembly, the first few stages of the assembly line are dedicated to build the product and the later stages are dedicated for calibration and testing. The assembly line is arranged in a flow shop environment with multiple processors at each stage. When a product (or job) fails...

Purpose – This paper aims to focus on integrating a lean framework in a high-mix-low-volume (HMLV) printed circuit board assembly (PCBA) environment to enhance current assembly processes and facility layouts. An HMLV PCBA environment is characterized by stochastic demands, a variety of...