household behaviour, a significant and time-varying inflation difference between income groups emerges. Substitution is strongly … behaviour-driven and largely detached from the relative price. The dispersion of the household-level elasticity of substitution … does not fully account for the heterogeneity of substitution behaviour. Substitution does not reduce the dispersion of …

economics is characterized by various arguments concerning limits to substitution between various inputs (energy, natural …, various authors have also expressed concerns regarding limits to substitution in consumption. Ideas about irreversibility in …

function is rigid for considering various substitution- complement relationships. In this regard, this study suggests another … analyze the effects of the carbon tax on power generation in substitution and complement scenarios, as an application. We … power generation. The results of the simulation show that industrial production decreases and substitution of the power …

accounting for stochastic demand, space elasticity and substitution effects in the setting of such self types. To solve the model … with further simulated data that integration of stochastic demand, substitution, and space elasticity results in up to 80 …

effect of substitution into complementary in 2019. Moreover, the impact of P2P lending was more prominent in provinces with a …