market offers a price and a guarantee of purchase since the establishment of crops. Occupying almost 5% of the arable land … changing the way the cereal market is analyzed, from the traditional approach - by analyzing market demand and supply - to a … modern approach - by analyzing the marketing mix. This research aimed at analyzing the barley culture market through the mix …

well as human traders. The paper first reviews the use of evolutionary and agent-based techniques of analyzing market … behaviors and market mechanisms, and economic models of learning, comparing genetic algorithms with reinforcement learning …-offs, using autonomous self-interested agents, mimics the bottom-up evolution of historical market mechanisms by trial and error …

that parimutuel insurance intrinsically leads to participants being underinsured due to basis risk. Although participants … will be underinsured, parimutuel insurance guarantees no underlying risk borne by the issuer. We also derive the equivalent … transaction costs of traditional insurance relative to HuRLOs. The actual transaction cost for traditional insurance is found to …